title: Signing Policy Reference description: How Guardrails evaluates permissions, roles, and custom resolvers.

tags:

• approvals
• signing
• permissions
• roles

Signing Policy Reference

Guardrails relies on a signing policy to decide whether an authenticated initiator can approve a step. The evaluation order is predictable so you can design flows with confidence.

Permission checks

1. Permissions come first. The signer rules list permissions plus a permissions_mode (all or any).
2. Guardrails looks for permission helpers on the user:
   • If the user exposes Spatie-style methods (hasPermissionTo), those are used.
   • Otherwise, Guardrails inspects token abilities (e.g. currentAccessToken()->abilities).
3. For all, the initiator must satisfy every listed permission. For any, a single match is enough.

Permissions work out of the box—no extra configuration required.

Role checks

Roles are optional. If you include them in a step:

• With Spatie roles available (hasRole), Guardrails uses the package directly.
• Without Spatie, Guardrails falls back to a resolver:
  • By default, it inspects common patterns (an Eloquent relationship or roles attribute).
  • You can take full control via the guardrails.signing.resolve_roles_using config key. Set it to a closure that receives the authenticated user and returns an array of role identifiers.

// config/guardrails.php
'signing' => [
    'resolve_roles_using' => static function ($user) {
        return $user->teams->pluck('slug')->all();
    },
],

Initiator overlap

Flows can demand overlap with the initiator using same_permission_as_initiator or same_role_as_initiator. Guardrails compares the initiator’s permissions or roles against the signer’s set after running the checks above. If no overlap exists, the signer is rejected.

Tokens and abilities

When using Laravel Sanctum or similar token guards, Guardrails will treat token abilities as permissions. Make sure the token includes the required ability names.

Guardrails uses the configured auth guard (default: auth.defaults.guard). You can change it via GUARDRAILS_AUTH_GUARD or config/guardrails.php. The helper OVAC\Guardrails\Support\Auth exposes guardName(), guard(), and user() if you need to mirror Guardrails’ guard selection in custom code.

Guard selection & per-step overrides

• Flow::make() seeds the guard from config('guardrails.auth.guard'), falling back to your app’s default guard. This keeps flows aligned with how you authenticate reviewers.
• You can override the guard for a specific step by chaining guard('other-guard') before calling signedBy(). See the Controller Interception Guide for a full example.

Troubleshooting

• Unexpected denials? Log the signer meta to confirm the permissions/roles being evaluated.
• Custom guards? Double-check the resolver returns plain strings; nested arrays or objects will be ignored.
• Mixed ecosystems? You can use both permissions and roles in the same step; Guardrails requires that both pass according to their respective modes.

Related configuration

• guardrails.permissions.view and guardrails.permissions.sign gate the built-in API routes.
• guardrails.signing.resolve_roles_using supplies a custom resolver.

For examples of defining signer rules, see the Model Guarding Guide and Controller Interception Guide.